upper-atmospheric phenomena

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• Upper-atmospheric lightning — is an obsolete term that is no longer used by researchers to refer to a family of electrical breakdown phenomena that occurs well above the altitudes of normal lightning. Current usage favors Transient Luminous Event (TLE) to refer to one of the… …   Wikipedia

• Upper Atmospheric Models — Most climate models simulate a region of the Earth s atmosphere from the surface to the stratopause. There also exist numerical models which simulate the wind, temperature and composition of the Earth s tenuous upper atmosphere, from the… …   Wikipedia

• Atmospheric model — A 96 hour forecast of 850 mbar geopotential height and temperature from the Global Forecast System An atmospheric model is a mathematical model constructed around the full set of primitive dynamical equations which govern atmospheric motions. It… …   Wikipedia

• Atmospheric electricity — is the regular diurnal variations of the Earth s atmospheric electromagnetic network (or, more broadly, any planet s electrical system in its layer of gases). The Earth’s surface, the ionosphere, and the atmosphere is known as the global… …   Wikipedia

• Atmospheric circulation — is the large scale movement of air, and the means (together with the smaller ocean circulation) by which heat is distributed on the surface of the Earth. The large scale structure of the atmospheric circulation varies from year to year, but the… …   Wikipedia

• Atmospheric tide — Atmospheric tides are global scale periodic oscillations of the atmosphere. In many ways they are analogous to ocean tides. Atmospheric tides can be excited by:*The regular day/night cycle in the insolation of the atmosphere *The gravitational… …   Wikipedia

• Atmospheric convection — Conditions favorable for thunderstorm types and complexes Atmospheric convection is the result of a parcel environment instability, or temperature difference, layer in the atmosphere. Different lapse rates within dry and moist air lead to… …   Wikipedia

• Atmospheric thermodynamics — In the physical sciences, atmospheric thermodynamics is the study of heat and energy transformations in the earth’s atmospheric system. Following the fundamental laws of classical thermodynamics, atmospheric thermodynamics studies such phenomena… …   Wikipedia

• Atmospheric escape — There are several different processes that can lead to the escape of a planetary atmosphere. In some cases this can be a very important process; for example, both Venus and Mars have probably lost much of their water due to atmospheric escape… …   Wikipedia

• Compilation of atmospheric dispersion models — Atmospheric dispersion models are computer programs that use mathematical algorithms to simulate how pollutants in the ambient atmosphere disperse and, in some cases, how they react in the atmosphere. The dispersion models are used to estimate or …   Wikipedia

• National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration — NOAA Agency overview Formed October 3, 1970 (1970 10 03 …   Wikipedia